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Topics: Indicators

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Paper

How Should States Choose a Growth Model?

Scott MarionChris DomaleskiWill Lorié
Feb 20, 2025
Accountability Assessment Education Policy Growth Indicators Large Scale Assessment State Technical Issues

Nearly all states use a measure of student longitudinal growth in accountability. But how should states decide which growth model to use?

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Presentation

What Works? State Accountability Indicators to Promote Validity, Equity, and Improvement

Brian Gong
Nov 07, 2021
Accountability Equity and Fairness Indicators Technical Issues Validity

Presentation at the AERA Special Interest Group on School Indicators and Profiles; uses examples from several states to highlight the need to disaggregate data to address validity, equity, and improvement.

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Paper

Considering English Language Proficiency Within Systems of Accountability Under the Every Student Succeeds Act

Susan LyonsNathan Dadey
Mar 27, 2017
Accountability Education Policy Equity and Fairness Federal Indicators Multilingual Learners

This white paper provides an overview of key considerations associated with including indicators of progress in English language proficiency within ESSA systems of accountability.

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Paper

Identifying a School Quality/Student Success Indicator for ESSA: Requirements and Considerations

Erika Landl
Jan 01, 2017
Accountability Education Policy Indicators

This brief summarizes ESSA’s requirements for the school quality/student success indicator and outlines key factors to consider when identifying, evaluating, and implementing these indicators as part of a state’s federal […]

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Paper

Precision, Interpretability, and Utility of SGPs

Damian Betebenner
Jul 07, 2016
Accountability Growth Indicators Technical Issues

This paper was written in response to claims made in Stephen Sireci et al’s 2016 critique of Student Growth Percentiles (SGPs). It presents evidence and rationale to support appropriate use […]

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Paper

Student Growth Percentiles and Shoe Leather

Damian BetebennerRichard WenningDerek Briggs
Sep 30, 2011
Accountability Growth Indicators Technical Issues

Professor Bruce D. Baker recently published a critique of The Colorado Growth Model and its use of Student Growth Percentiles (SGPs) on his “School Finance 101” blog (Take Your SGP […]

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Paper

Comparing Different Accountability Measures: Status, Improvement, Index, Growth

John Weiss
Jun 17, 2009
Accountability Indicators

This paper examines the differences in the philosophies behind four different school accountability metrics: status, safe harbor (improvement), index, and growth. Using Pennsylvania as an example, the differences in numbers […]

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Paper

Growth, Standards and Accountability

Damian Betebenner
Apr 06, 2009
Accountability Growth Indicators Technical Issues

Over the last decade, large-scale annual testing has provided states with unprecedented access to longitudinal student data. Current use of this data focuses primarily upon analyses of growth most often […]

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Paper

Norm- and Criterion-Referenced Student Growth

Damian Betebenner
Mar 20, 2008
Accountability Growth Indicators Technical Issues

This paper situates current growth-to-standard approaches within a larger domain of statistical models, including those based solely on achievement as well as more traditional growth models. Within this context, we […]

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Paper

Using Student Longitudinal Growth Measures for School Accountability

Brian Gong
Sep 18, 2006
Accountability Growth Indicators Technical Issues

There are multiple ways to implement common design decisions for a growth model consistent with the underlying principles of No Child Left Behind. This paper is intended to help states […]

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Paper

Dealing With Flexibility in Assessments for Students With Significant Cognitive Disabilities

Brian GongScott Marion
Apr 13, 2006
Accountability Assessment Equity and Fairness Indicators Students With Disabilities

This paper analyzes and describes the flexibility or unintended variation in alternate assessments on alternate achievement standards in an effort to provide a framework for assessment system designers and for […]

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Presentation

2004 Reidy Interactive Lecture Series

Center For Assessment Team
Oct 08, 2004
Accountability Assessment Design Education Policy Growth Indicators Technical Issues Validity

Incorporating Measures of Student Growth Into State Accountability Systems October 7th – 8th Agenda Session I Validity Considerations When Measuring GrowthScott Marion, Center for Assessment Session II Vertically-Articulated Content Standards, […]

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Presentation

Some Considerations of Multiple Measures in Assessment and School Accountability

Brian GongRichard Hill
Mar 23, 2001
Accountability Assessment Education Policy Indicators Validation & Technical Quality

Presentation at the Seminar on Using Multiple Measures and Indicators to Judge Schools’ Adequate Yearly Progress under Title I, Sponsored by Council of Chief State School Officers and the U.S. […]

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Presentation

What Works? State Accountability Indicators to Promote Validity, Equity, and Improvement

Brian Gong
Apr 01, 1997
Accountability Equity and Fairness Indicators Technical Issues Validity

Presentation at the AERA Special Interest Group on School Indicators and Profiles; uses examples from several states to highlight need to disaggregate data to address validity, equity, and improvement.

Read More

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